Literacy and education are key determinants of individual income. Not only is personal productivity improved, but also the ability to consume information concerning challenges one must face in the job market. Social mobility is also increased. (Pg. 67)

In some countries, the income of persons who read and write can be six times higher than the income of persons who cannot. (Pg. 46)

Illiterate persons suffer from low self-esteem, are less autonomous, and have less ability for critical reflection. (Pg. 46)

(2) When asked why they chose to learn to read, write, and manage their finances, participants in literacy programs have replied that they wish to become more autonomous, gain control over everyday situations, and ‘avoid being cheated’. (Pg. 46)

Illiterate persons have great difficulty understanding—and therefore putting in practice—messages designed to encourage healthy behavior and the risk prevention in various areas of daily life. (Pg. 44)

(2) Illiteracy limits knowledge and practices necessary for self-care—particularly among women. This has a negative impact on household health, hygiene, and nutrition. (pg.44)